Sprayed paint which loses so much solvent in the air that it becomes too dry to flow out over the surface. This normally occurs when the chosen thinners is too fast for the atmospheric or application conditions.

An engine lubrication system where the reservoir of lubricating oil is held in an oil tank. The sump (oil pan) below the engine is scavenged with a separate pump for return to the oil tank. As distinct from a wet sump (oil pan) where the reservoir of lubricating oil is kept in an oil pan below the engine.

The change from a liquid to a solid which takes place after a paint is deposited on a surface. This involves both the evaporation of the solvents and any chemical changes that may occur.

A liquid that will change to a solid under normal atmospheric conditions when spread out in a thin film.

Direct shift gearbox

Diagnostic Trouble Code

Dial Test Indicator.

A three way catalytic converter with one stage coated with platinum and palladium and the other with platinum and rhodium. Converts HC and CO to H and CO2 and NOX to N and O.

A brake system that has two independent hydraulic circuits so that one continues to act if the other fails. The split of dual circuits can be front and rear, diagonal, split front and one rear, and two complete circuits.

A dual-mass flywheel is used to isolate torsional crankshaft spikes created by diesel engines during the power stroke. Dual mass flywheels separate the mass of the flywheel between the engine and the transmission. This eliminates damage to the transmission components.