Throttle Position Sensor.

Throttle Position Transducer

The dimension between the centres of the road wheels on one axle. Also known as tread.

A transverse lower suspension arm attached to the chassis at the inner end and to a McPherson strut at the outer end. Maintains the wheel track position and transmits transverse forces.

Transverse rod that connects the steering arms of steered wheels and so maintains the geometric relationship between them when steering.

A ball joint coupling on steering track rod ends that join the track rod to another component to allow a range of angular movement.

In electrical terms it is the loss of an electrical current outside of an insulator. The term is also used to describe the setting procedure for adjusting front wheel steering alignment.

The grip of the tyre with the road surface. The 'grip' can be specified as a coefficient of friction where the higher the number the greater the ability to transfer a force. (1 represents 100% for all force loads, tyres are generally in the range 0.75 to 0.85).

The forward force of a vehicle while it maintains tyre contact with the road surface.

A suspension link or rod that carries an axle behind the mounting and pivoting point of the arm. Semi trailing arms are mounted at angle to the longitudinal and transverse axes of the vehicle.